Defining umbilical cord blood stem cells
1. INTRODUCTION
The umbilical cord blood is regarded as the “life line” that supplies the developing fetus with the important nutrition elements and oxygen required for proper fetal development. Beside its role in development, umbilical cord blood has been also involved in therapeutic applications, which was reported for the first time in 1972 by clinicians in the United States to treat a case with lymphoblastic leukemia [1]. In later years, it was used regularly for transplantation in hematology for bone marrow replacement, following either hematological malignancy or bone marrow failure after chemotherapy. Umbilical cord blood use was then restricted to blood-prolifera- tionbased diseases [2,3]. Nevertheless, advances in the production of different tissue groups from umbilical cord
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